[2] Flavourings
2025
EFSA
[3] Cinnamaldehyde prevents adipocyte differentiation and adipogenesis via regulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ) and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathways
Kim et al., 2011
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
[4] Dietary cinnamon promotes longevity and extends healthspan via mTORC1 and autophagy signaling
Guo, Yuling; Zhang, Qing; Zhang, Bi; Pan, Tong; Ronan, Elizabeth A.; Huffman, Anthony; et al., 2025
Aging Cell
[5] Pharmacological properties and their medicinal uses of Cinnamomum: a review
Kumar, Sanjay; Kumari, Reshma; Mishra, Shailja, 2019
Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology
[6] Cinnamon for Metabolic Diseases and Their Cardiovascular and Hepatic Complications: A Mechanistic Review
Wu, Junpeng; Jia, Wenhan; Min, Dongyu; Yang, Guanlin, 2024
The American Journal of Chinese Medicine
[7] Cinnamon: a nutraceutical supplement for the cardiovascular system
Mohammadabadi, Taherah; Jain, Rajesh, 2024
Archives of Medical Science – Atherosclerotic Diseases
[8] Effect of cinnamon as a Chinese herbal medicine on markers of cardiovascular risk in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Xiaomei, Zhou; Xiaoyan, Fan, 2024
European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology
[9] The beneficial effects of cinnamon among patients with metabolic diseases: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of randomized-controlled trials
Kutbi, Emad H.; Sohouli, Mohammad Hassan; Fatahi, Somaye; Lari, Abolfazl; Shidfar, Farzad; Aljhdali, Maha Mari; et al., 2022
Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition
[10] Effects of cinnamon supplementation on metabolic biomarkers in individuals with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis
de Moura, Suzana Laís; Gomes, Bruna Gabrielle Rocha; Guilarducci, Mariana Julião; Coelho, Olívia Gonçalves Leão; Guimarães, Nathalia Sernizon; Gomes, Júnia Maria Geraldo, 2025
Nutrition Reviews
[11] Advances in pharmacological effects and mechanism of action of cinnamaldehyde
Guo, Jiageng; Yan, Shidu; Jiang, Xinya; Su, Zixia; Zhang, Fan; Xie, Jinling; et al., 2024
Frontiers in Pharmacology
[12] Cinnamon and cognitive function: a systematic review of preclinical and clinical studies
Nakhaee, Samaneh; Kooshki, Alireza; Hormozi, Ali; Akbari, Aref; Mehrpour, Omid; Farrokhfall, Khadijeh, 2024
Nutritional Neuroscience
[13] The effect of cinnamon supplementation on cardiovascular risk factors in adults: a GRADE assessed systematic review, dose–response and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Jafari, Ali; Mardani, Helia; Faghfouri, Amir Hossein; AhmadianMoghaddam, Minoo; Musazadeh, Vali; Alaghi, Alireza, 2025
Journal of Health, Population and Nutrition
[14] Cinnamaldehyde: Pharmacokinetics, anticancer properties and therapeutic potential (Review)
Han, Ruxia; Li, Xueying; Gao, Xinfu; Lv, Guangyao, 2024
Molecular Medicine Reports
[15] Antidiabetic and Antioxidant Effect of Cinnamon in poorly Controlled Type-2 Diabetic Iraqi Patients: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial
Sahib, Ahmed, 2016
Journal of Intercultural Ethnopharmacology
[16] Effect of cinnamon on migraine attacks and inflammatory markers: A randomized double‐blind placebo‐controlled trial
Zareie, Azadeh; Sahebkar, Amirhossein; Khorvash, Fariborz; Bagherniya, Mohammad; Hasanzadeh, Akbar; Askari, Gholamreza, 2020
Phytotherapy Research
[17] Cinnamaldehyde induces apoptosis and enhances anti‐colorectal cancer activity via covalent binding to HSPD1
Zhang, Weiyi; Lei, Wei; Shen, Fukui; Wang, Mukuo; Li, Linlin; Chang, Junmin, 2024
Phytotherapy Research
[18] Cinnamaldehyde mitigates polycystic ovary syndrome pathologies by modulating NLRP3/NF-kB mediated inflammation using letrozole-induced model in female rats: a comprehensive in vitro,in vivo, in silico investigation
Siddiqua, Arfah; Malik, Abdul; Niazi, Samia Gul; Uttra, Ambreen Malik; Mehmood, Malik Hassan; Munir, Mughisa; et al., 2026
Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology
[19] Cinnamaldehyde Suppressed EGF-Induced EMT Process and Inhibits Ovarian Cancer Progression Through PI3K/AKT Pathway
Wang, Yue; Li, Ying; Wang, Liang; Chen, Buze; Zhu, Miaolin; Ma, Chunyi; et al., 2022
Frontiers in Pharmacology
[20] The inhibition of hypoxia‐induced angiogenesis and metastasis by cinnamaldehyde is mediated by decreasing HIF‐1a protein synthesis via PI3K/Akt pathway
Patra, Kartick; Jana, Samarjit; Sarkar, Arnab; Mandal, Deba P.; Bhattacharjee, Shamee, 2019
BioFactors
[21] trans-Cinnamic acid alleviates high-fat diet induced hepatic steatosis by activating AMPK-mTOR pathway
Jia, Kun; Zhang, Lei; Shi, Peng; Meng, Ran; Xie, Fengjun; Yan, Xiaojun; et al., 2026
Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids
[22] Cinnamaldehyde Downregulation of Sept9 Inhibits Glioma Progression through Suppressing Hif-1a via the Pi3k/Akt Signaling Pathway
Wang, Zhiwen; Wang, Changfeng; Fu, Jieping; Liu, Ruen; Zhou, Xinhui, 2022
Disease Markers
[23] Cinnamomum zeylanicum Extract and its Bioactive Component Cinnamaldehyde Show Anti-Tumor Effects via Inhibition of Multiple Cellular Pathways
Aggarwal, Sadhna; Bhadana, Kanchan; Singh, Baldeep; Rawat, Meenakshi; Mohammad, Taj; Al-Keridis, Lamya Ahmed; et al., 2022
Frontiers in Pharmacology
[24] Cinnamon Extract Enhances Glucose Uptake in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes and C2C12 Myocytes by Inducing LKB1-AMP-Activated Protein Kinase Signaling
Shen, Yan; Honma, Natsumi; Kobayashi, Katsuya; Jia, Liu Nan; Hosono, Takashi; Shindo, Kazutoshi; et al., 2014
PLoS ONE
[25] The effects of cinnamon on patients with metabolic diseases: an umbrella review of meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials
Gou, Haobo; Zhong, Ling; Wei, Qiuya; Fan, Yong, 2025
Frontiers in Nutrition
[26] Trans-Cinnamic Acid Increases Adiponectin and the Phosphorylation of AMP-Activated Protein Kinase through G-Protein-Coupled Receptor Signaling in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes
Kopp, Christina; Singh, Shiva; Regenhard, Petra; Müller, Ute; Sauerwein, Helga; Mielenz, Manfred, 2014
International Journal of Molecular Sciences
[27] Potential Effect of Cinnamaldehyde on Insulin Resistance Is Mediated by Glucose and Lipid Homeostasis
Frederico, Marisa Jadna Silva; Sulis, Paola Miranda; Pereira, Landerson Lopes; Rey, Diana; Aragón, Marcela; Silva, Fátima Regina Mena Barreto, 2025
Nutrients
[28] Dihydromyricetin improves skeletal muscle insulin resistance by inducing autophagy via the AMPK signaling pathway
Shi, Linying; Zhang, Ting; Liang, Xinyu; Hu, Qin; Huang, Juan; Zhou, Yong; et al., 2015
Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology
[29] Kun-Dan Decoction Ameliorates Insulin Resistance by Activating AMPK/mTOR-Mediated Autophagy in High-Fat Diet-Fed Rats
Su, Zuqing; Zeng, Kexue; Feng, Bing; Tang, Lipeng; Sun, Chaoyue; Wang, Xieqi; et al., 2021
Frontiers in Pharmacology
[30] Attenuation of Free Fatty Acid (FFA)-Induced Skeletal Muscle Cell Insulin Resistance by Resveratrol is Linked to Activation of AMPK and Inhibition of mTOR and p70 S6K
Den Hartogh, Danja J.; Vlavcheski, Filip; Giacca, Adria; Tsiani, Evangelia, 2020
International Journal of Molecular Sciences
[31] Muscle Cell Insulin Resistance Is Attenuated by Rosmarinic Acid: Elucidating the Mechanisms Involved
Den Hartogh, Danja J.; Vlavcheski, Filip; Tsiani, Evangelia, 2023
International Journal of Molecular Sciences
[32] Humanin Attenuates Palmitate-Induced Hepatic Lipid Accumulation and Insulin Resistance through AMPK-Mediated Suppression of mTOR Pathway
Kwon C, Sun JL, Jeong JH, Jung TW., 2020
Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 2020, 526(2):539-545.
[33] A Bioactive Compound of Portulaca oleracea L., HM-Chromanone, Ameliorates Palmitate-Induced Insulin Resistance by Inhibiting mTOR/S6K1 through Activation of AMPK Pathway in Skeletal Muscle Cells
Park JE, Han JS., 2022
Toxicology Research, 2022, 11(5):774-783.
[34] Rosemary extract activates AMPK, inhibits mTOR and attenuates the high glucose and high insulin-induced muscle cell insulin resistance
Shamshoum, Hesham; Vlavcheski, Filip; MacPherson, Rebecca E.K.; Tsiani, Evangelia, 2021
Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism
[35] Rosmarinic Acid, a Rosemary Extract Polyphenol, Increases Skeletal Muscle Cell Glucose Uptake and Activates AMPK
Vlavcheski F, Naimi M, Murphy B, Hudlicky T, Tsiani E., 2017
Molecules, 2017, 22(10):1669.
[36] Maternal Broccoli Powder Intake Improves Insulin Resistance and Inflammation through the AMPK/mTOR Pathway in the Liver of Adult Male Offspring Exposed to Maternal Protein Restriction and Fructose Feeding
Karmacharya A, Kasai S, Mukai Y, Sato S., 2024
Molecular Nutrition & Food Research, 2024, 68(22):e2400472.
[37] Role of AMP-Activated Protein Kinase in Regulation of Postexercise Insulin Sensitivity
Kjøbsted R, Wojtaszewski JFP, Treebak JT., 2016
Experimental Supplements, 2016, 107:81-126.
[38] AMPK-Mediated AS160 Phosphorylation in Skeletal Muscle Is Dependent on AMPK Catalytic and Regulatory Subunits
Treebak JT, Glund S, Deshmukh A, Klein DK, Long YC, Jensen TE, Jørgensen SB, Viollet B, Andersson L, Neumann D, Wallimann T, Richter EA, Chibalin AV, Zierath JR, Wojtaszewski JFP., 2006
Diabetes, 2006, 55(7):2051-2058.
[39] AMPK and Beyond: The Signaling Network Controlling RabGAPs and Contraction-Mediated Glucose Uptake in Skeletal Muscle
Peifer-Weiß L, Al-Hasani H, Chadt A., 2024
International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2024, 25(3):1910.
[40] Activation of AMPK by Prolonged Interleukin-1b Stimulation Contributes to the Promotion of GLUT4 Translocation in Skeletal Muscle Cells
Takaguri A, Inoue S, Kubo T, Satoh K., 2016
Cell Biology International, 2016, 40(11):1204-1211.
[41] Karanjin from Pongamia pinnata Induces GLUT4 Translocation in Skeletal Muscle Cells in a PI3K-Independent Manner
Jaiswal N, Yadav PP, Maurya R, Srivastava AK, Tamrakar AK., 2011
European Journal of Pharmacology, 2011, 670(1):22-28.
[42] AMPK/AS160 Mediates Tiliroside Derivatives-Stimulated GLUT4 Translocation in Muscle Cells
Zhang C, Jiang Y, Liu J, Jin M, Qin N, Chen Y, Niu W, Duan H., 2018
Drug Design, Development and Therapy, 2018, 12:1581-1587.
[43] Carnosol Increases Skeletal Muscle Cell Glucose Uptake via AMPK-Dependent GLUT4 Glucose Transporter Translocation
Vlavcheski F, Baron D, Vlachogiannis IA, MacPherson REK, Tsiani E., 2018
International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2018, 19(5):1321.
[44] Epigallocatechin gallate induces GLUT4 translocation in skeletal muscle through both PI3K- and AMPK-dependent pathways
Ueda-Wakagi, Manabu; Hayashibara, Kaori; Nagano, Tomoya; Ikeda, Masaki; Yuan, Sihao; Ueda, Shuji; et al., 2018
Food & Function
[45] Insulin Signalling and GLUT4 Trafficking in Insulin Resistance
van Gerwen J, Shun-Shion AS, Fazakerley DJ., 2023
Biochemical Society Transactions, 2023, 51(3):1057-1069.
[46] Evidence in Support of the Hypothesis that Defects in Skeletal Muscle GLUT4 Glucose Transporter Translocation Are a Cause of Human Insulin Resistance
Garvey WT, Maianu L, Zhu JH, Brechtel-Hook G, Wallace P, Baron AD., 1998
Journal of Clinical Investigation, 1998, 101(11):2377-2386.
[47] Ginger Extract Increases GLUT-4 Expression Preferentially Through AMPK Rather Than PI3K Signaling Pathways in C2C12 Muscle Cells
Kord MT, Pourrajab F, Hekmatimoghaddam S., 2020
Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy, 2020, 13:3231-3238.
[48] PAK4 Phosphorylates and Inhibits AMPKa to Control Glucose Uptake
Wu D, Yu HC, Cha HN, Park S, Lee Y, Yoon SJ, Park SY, Park BH, Bae EJ., 2024
Nature Communications, 2024, 15:6858.
[49] Glucosamine induces insulin resistance in vivo by affecting GLUT 4 translocation in skeletal muscle. Implications for glucose toxicity.
Baron, A D; Zhu, J S; Zhu, J H; Weldon, H; Maianu, L; Garvey, W T, 1995
Journal of Clinical Investigation
[50] Analysis of Multiple Insulin Actions in Single Insulin-Resistant Mouse Muscle Fibres Reveals a Selective Defect in Endogenous GLUT4 Translocation
Judge S, Masson SWC, Madsen S, Potter M, James DE., 2025
Diabetes, 2025, 74(7):1121-1134.
[51] GLUT4 Trafficking and Storage Vesicles: Molecular Architecture, Regulatory Networks, and Their Disruption in Insulin Resistance
Drobiova, Hana; Alhamar, Ghadeer; Ahmad, Rasheed; Al-Mulla, Fahd; Al Madhoun, Ashraf, 2025
International Journal of Molecular Sciences
[52] Cinnamon Use in Type 2 Diabetes: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Allen, R. W.; Schwartzman, E.; Baker, W. L.; Coleman, C. I.; Phung, O. J., 2013
The Annals of Family Medicine
[53] Effects of cinnamon on controlling metabolic parameters of polycystic ovary syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Heydarpour, Fatemeh; Hemati, Niloofar; Hadi, Amir; Moradi, Sajjad; Mohammadi, Elham; Farzaei, Mohammad Hosein, 2020
Journal of Ethnopharmacology
[54] The effect of cinnamon supplementation on blood pressure in adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Hadi, Amir; Campbell, Marilyn S.; Hassani, Bahar; Pourmasoumi, Makan; Salehi-sahlabadi, Ammar; Hosseini, Seyed Ahmad, 2020
Clinical Nutrition ESPEN
[55] The effects of cinnamon supplementation on blood lipid concentrations: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Maierean, Serban M.; Serban, Maria-Corina; Sahebkar, Amirhossein; Ursoniu, Sorin; Serban, Alexandru; Penson, Peter; et al., 2017
Journal of Clinical Lipidology
[56] Cinnamon Intake Lowers Fasting Blood Glucose: Meta-Analysis
Davis, Paul A.; Yokoyama, Wallace, 2011
Journal of Medicinal Food
[57] The effect of cinnamon supplementation on liver enzymes in adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Shekarchizadeh-Esfahani, Parivash; Heydarpour, Fatemeh; Izadi, Fatemeh; Jalili, Cyrus, 2021
Complementary Therapies in Medicine
[58] Cinnamon, an effective anti‐obesity agent: Evidence from an umbrella meta‐analysis
Keramati, Majid; Musazadeh, Vali; Malekahmadi, Mahsa; Jamilian, Parmida; Jamilian, Parsa; Ghoreishi, Zohre; et al., 2022
Journal of Food Biochemistry
[59] Impact of Cinnamon Supplementation on cardiometabolic Biomarkers of Inflammation and Oxidative Stress: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Zhu, Changyou; Yan, Hongmei; Zheng, Yin; Santos, Heitor O.; Macit, Melahat Sedanur; Zhao, Ketong, 2020
Complementary Therapies in Medicine
[60] Anti-hypertensive effects of cinnamon supplementation in adults: A systematic review and dose-response Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Mousavi, Seyed Mohammad; Karimi, Elmira; Hajishafiee, Maryam; Milajerdi, Alireza; Amini, Mohammad Reza; Esmaillzadeh, Ahmad, 2020
Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition
[61] Safety of Cinnamon: An Umbrella Review of Meta-Analyses and Systematic Reviews of Randomized Clinical Trials
Gu, Dan-Tong; Tung, Tao-Hsin; Jiesisibieke, Zhu Liduzi; Chien, Ching-Wen; Liu, Wen-Yi, 2022
Frontiers in Pharmacology
[62] Cinnamon: A systematic review of adverse events
Hajimonfarednejad, Mahdie; Ostovar, Mohadeseh; Raee, Mohammad Javad; Hashempur, Mohammad Hashem; Mayer, Johannes Gottfried; Heydari, Mojtaba, 2019
Clinical Nutrition
[63] Cassia Cinnamon as a Source of Coumarin in Cinnamon-Flavored Food and Food Supplements in the United States
Wang, Yan-Hong; Avula, Bharathi; Nanayakkara, N. P. Dhammika; Zhao, Jianping; Khan, Ikhlas A., 2013
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
[64] trans-Cinnamaldehyde stimulates mitochondrial biogenesis through PGC-1a and PPARb/δ leading to enhanced GLUT4 expression
Gannon, Nicholas P.; Schnuck, Jamie K.; Mermier, Christine M.; Conn, Carole A.; Vaughan, Roger A., 2015
Biochimie
[65] Anti-inflammatory activity of cinnamon (C. zeylanicum and C. cassia) extracts – identification of E-cinnamaldehyde and o-methoxy cinnamaldehyde as the most potent bioactive compounds
Gunawardena, Dhanushka; Karunaweera, Niloo; Lee, Samiuela; van Der Kooy, Frank; Harman, David G.; Raju, Ritesh; et al., 2015
Food & Function
[66] Efficacy of Cinnamon as an Adjuvant in Reducing the Glycemic Biomarkers of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Three-Month, Randomized, Triple-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial
Lira Neto, José Claudio Garcia; Damasceno, Marta Maria Coelho; Ciol, Marcia Aparecida; de Freitas, Roberto Wagner Júnior Freire; de Araújo, Márcio Flávio Moura; Teixeira, Carla Regina de Souza; et al., 2022
Journal of the American Nutrition Association
[67] Effectiveness of Cinnamon for Lowering Hemoglobin A1C in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized, Controlled Trial
Crawford, P., 2009
The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine
[68] Effect of Aqueous Cinnamon Extract on the Postprandial Glycemia Levels in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Rachid, Ana Paula; Moncada, Margarida; Mesquita, Maria Fernanda de; Brito, José; Bernardo, Maria Alexandra; Silva, Maria Leonor, 2022
Nutrients
[69] Effects of Cinnamon Consumption on Glycemic Indicators, Advanced Glycation End Products, and Antioxidant Status in Type 2 Diabetic Patients
Talaei, Behrouz; Amouzegar, Atieh; Sahranavard, Shamim; Hedayati, Mehdi; Mirmiran, Parvin; Azizi, Fereidoun, 2017
Nutrients
[70] The effect of cinnamon extract on insulin resistance parameters in polycystic ovary syndrome: a pilot study
Wang, Jeff G.; Anderson, Richard A.; Graham, George M.; Chu, Micheline C.; Sauer, Mark V.; Guarnaccia, Michael M.; et al., 2007
Fertility and Sterility
[71] Efficacy of cinnamon in patients with type II diabetes mellitus: A randomized controlled clinical trial
Zare, Roghayeh; Nadjarzadeh, Azadeh; Zarshenas, Mohammad Mehdi; Shams, Mesbah; Heydari, Mojtaba, 2019
Clinical Nutrition
[72] The effect of a cinnamon-, chromium- and magnesium-formulated honey on glycaemic control, weight loss and lipid parameters in type 2 diabetes: an open-label cross-over randomised controlled trial
Whitfield, Patricia; Parry-Strong, Amber; Walsh, Emily; Weatherall, Mark; Krebs, Jeremy D., 2016
European Journal of Nutrition